Most of Augusto Boal’s techniques were created after he realized the limitations of didactic politically motivated theatre in the poor areas where he worked. Facilitators and experienced practitioners of Theatre of the Oppressed and related methodologies are usually referred to as Jokers. Similar forms of protest theatre were used in 1960s America. He returned to Brazil in 1955. Characters are broken down into their social mask and rituals. He also organized international festivals for practitioners of his style of theatre. Premium Membership is now 50% off! The Joker – named after the card of the same name (and not implying humour) – can substitute for actors … For instance, an image of happiness might be modelled, to show reality without oppression. An exercise known as “breaking repression” involves trying to recall a situation where one felt particularly repressed – particularly one where one submitted to repression and acted against one’s own desires. Remember that in arena theatre, different scenes are often written in different styles (naturalistic, expressionistic, surrealistic, fantastic, etc), and events are often “translated” between different contexts (past and present, local and foreign). His 'In Theory' column appears every other Friday. Boal argues that newspaper theatre makes visible the use of fictive or fictional techniques in the production of news stories. It uses techniques of demystification and deconstruction of journalism, but can also be used with other texts. Augusto Boal (16 March 1931 – 2 May 2009) was a Brazilian theatre practitioner, drama theorist, and political activist. It demystifies the media of its appearance of impartiality. Participants are encouraged to feel the emotion of the image, rather than turning it into words. These techniques eventually coalesced into different theatrical styles, each using a different process to achieve a different result. Boal often organized these theatrical systems as a tree, with images, sounds and words as the roots, games, Image Theatre and Forum Theatre ascending up the trunk, and then other techniques represented as limbs stemming from these. In Image Theatre, performers form tableaux representing an oppressive situation, and spectators are invited to interpret and suggest changes to the tableaux. Some techniques focus on combining or altering perspectives. The system is designed to be flexible, so it can be adapted for different plays. In this method, symbols separate the protagonist into attributes. People could then suggest ways to get from the real to the ideal situation. Ways are found to disrupt conventional assumptions. The term ‘Joker System’ is also used to refer to the eclectic shuffling or pastiche of styles and forms. For instance, in a Greek play, the Joker might explain the historical context to the audience, and why it is thought to be relevant today. a pregnancy-themed event on Stockholm ferries, where a woman demanded the same treatment as a pregnant royal. The idea of this exercise is to make people read texts more actively. The Joker technique is used on the assumption that a classic work is never self-evidently great or relevant; its relevance is investigated through performance. What effect does this have on the rituals and structures of the role? Analytical Theatre involves running through situations in which characters’ roles are represented by symbols (e.g. In the late 1960s, inspired by Pedagogia do oprimido (1968; Pedagogy of the Oppressed) by revolutionary educator Paulo Freire, he began experimenting with a form of Living Newspaper theatre. His work was considered subversive by the military junta then ruling Brazil, and he was arrested in 1971 and tortured. A text’s “otherness” becomes an opportunity for exploration, rather than a barrier or problem. The protagonist seeks to either intensify subversion or shake off submission. In another, missing facts are added to “complete” a story. Boal returned to Brazil in 1986 and established a Centre for the Theatre of the Oppressed in Rio de Janeiro as well as several community theatre companies. Created by Brazilian visionary, Augusto Boal, Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) is a form of popular community-based education that uses theatre as a tool for transformation. Boal’s Methods: The Joker System.
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